As with all things in the medical field, we use sophisticated words that may be confusing and nonsensical to our patients. One of those terms is orthostatic hypotension, which means postural low blood pressure.
While many people have high blood pressure and take medications for this condition, the opposite situation is equally concerning. High blood pressure leads to strokes, heart attacks and blood vessel weakness. Low blood pressure (hypotension) leads to dizziness and falls. We know that falls in the senior population can be deadly. The statistics tell us half of all seniors that have a fall and fracture will usually die within a year.
Due to gravity, the body must accommodate blood flow when we change position. The most frequent position change leading to orthostatic hypotension is sitting or lying and then standing. It takes the blood a short time to get to the brain through the blood vessels. If the brain does not have adequate nutrition and oxygen from the blood, it does not function properly. This is what leads to the dizziness and lightheadedness. The most important thing to remember is to rise slowly from the sitting or lying position.
If you are lying down, sit on the side of the bed for a few minutes. Once you are stable, move to a standing position. If you are sitting, stand slowly and allow the blood to get to your brain before walking or moving forward. Hold on to a chair or to another object that is immobile to help steady yourself. If you feel dizzy, sit back down. Do not continue standing or walking.
You may check your blood pressure at home to monitor for orthostatic hypotension. The American Academy of Neurology notes that a systolic (upper number) of 20 mmHg and a 10 mmHg of diastolic (lower number) indicates orthostatic hypotension. This change is seen within 3 minutes of a position change.
Ask your healthcare provider or contact us to assist you to learn to check your blood pressure. If you are prone to dizziness or lightheadedness, do not ignore it. It could lead to a devastating result. Be your own best advocate and monitor your blood pressure.